桑原 政則の「合 縁 奇 縁」

 Ito Jakuchu.  伊藤若冲（じゃくちゅう）。群鶏図で有名な絵師。10月27日没 伊藤若冲 ・1716年3月1日。京都～1800年10月27日没。84歳 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ Ito Jakuchu was a very famous Japanese painter during the Edo period. He was born in Kyoto in 1716 as the oldest son of a wholesale grocer. At the age of 40, he left the family business to focus completely on his art. He loved nature and painted many animals, flowers, and insects. He is especially well known for his colorful and detailed paintings of roosters and chickens. He kept chickens in his garden and watched them carefully to understand how they moved. He used bright, high-quality colors and unique drawing styles that were ahead of his time. One of his greatest masterworks is a set of thirty paintings called the Doshokusaie (Colorful Realm of Living Beings). Today, people all over the world love his lively and modern-looking art. 伊藤若冲は、江戸時代に活躍したとても有名な日本の画家です。 1716年に京都の青物問屋（野菜などを卸す店）の長男として生まれました。 40歳のときに家業を弟に譲り、絵を描くことに専念しました。 自然を愛し、動物や花、昆虫などを数多く描きました。 とりわけ、色あざやかで細密に描かれたニワトリ...

Kawagoe Festival。  川越まつり   ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ The Kawagoe Festival is a famous and traditional festival held in Kawagoe City, Saitama Prefecture, every October. The festival has a long history of  370 years, starting back in the early Edo period. It began when Matsudaira Nobutsuna, the lord of Kawagoe Castle, donated religious items to Hikawa Shrine. The biggest highlight is the parade of tall, beautifully decorated festival floats called dashi . These dashi are two stories high, carrying large dolls of historical heroes or gods on top. When floats meet at intersections, they perform Hikkawase , facing each other to compete with lively music and traditional dancing. Musicians play traditional festival music called hayashi with flutes, drums, and bells, accompanied by dancers wearing fox and lion masks. At night, the floats are lit up with bright paper lanterns, making the old town look magical and exciting. The festival is registered on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural ...

Kasuga no Tsubone。春日局（かすがのつぼね）。3代 家光の乳母で大奥を整える。Kasuga no Tsubone。10月26日没 春日局 ・1579年 ～1643年10月26日没。65歳。 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ Kasuga no Tsubone was a famous Japanese woman who lived from 1579 to 1643. Her father was Saito Toshimitsu, the top chief retainer of Akechi Mitsuhide. She served as the wet nurse ( uba ) for Tokugawa Iemitsu, who became the third shogun of the Edo shogunate. When Iemitsu was a child, his parents favored his younger brother, so Iemitsu was almost removed from becoming the next shogun. She secretly went to Sunpu by pretending to visit Ise Grand Shrine, which is known as "Kasuga no Tsubone no Nukemairi". She met Tokugawa Ieyasu and asked him directly to make Iemitsu the next shogun. Ieyasu accepted her plea in front of everyone, successfully making Iemitsu the official successor. She loved Iemitsu deeply, and he relied on her just like his own mother. She organized and managed the Ooku (the inner palace of Edo Castle), which had about 3,000 women. She raise...

Ito Hirobumi。伊藤博文（ひろぶみ）。明治政府の最大の指導者。長州藩の農民出身。日本初の総理大臣。 10月26日没 伊藤博文（前列左端）。右に大隈重信、井上馨 ・1841年10月16日〜1909年10月26日没。68歳 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ English  Ito Hirobumi was an important politician who helped build modern Japan. He was born into a farmer's family in Choshu ( Yamaguchi Prefecture) . In his youth, he studied under Yoshida Shoin at Shoka Sonjuku with other young leaders. He secretly traveled to England to study Western technology, culture, and government systems. In 1885, he established Japan's cabinet system and became the first Prime Minister of Japan. He served as Prime Minister four times and led major reforms in Japan. He traveled to Europe, especially Germany, to study constitutions and draft one for Japan. In 1889, he played a central role in creating the Constitution of the Empire of Japan (Meiji Constitution). His portrait was used on the Japanese 1,000-yen banknote from 1963 to 1984. 日本語 伊藤博文（いとう ひろぶみ）は、近代日本の基礎を築いた重要な政治家です。 長州藩（山口県）の農家に生まれました。 若い頃は松下村塾で吉田松陰に学び、他の若き指導者たちと...

チュラロンコン大王。 10月23日 没。20世紀アジアの名君。（タイ） チュラーロンコーン国王（ラーマ5世） ・1853年9月20日－  1910年10月23日。57歳没。バンコク ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ English  King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) was the fifth king of the Chakri dynasty of Thailand (Siam). He ruled Thailand for 42 years from 1868 to 1910. During his reign, European nations like Britain and France were colonizing Southeast Asia. He used clever diplomacy to protect Thailand, keeping it as the only nation in Southeast Asia that was never colonized by Western powers. He modernized the nation by building modern schools, railways, post offices, and telegraph systems. He traveled to Europe twice to learn Western technologies and build good relationships with European leaders. He reformed the government system to make public administration modern, fair, and efficient. Because of his great achievements, Thai people call him "The Great Beloved King" ( Phra Piya Maharat ). October 23, the day he passed away, is celebrated every year as a national holiday called Chulalo...

Hojo Ujiyasu.  3代 北条氏康、河越夜戦で、河越城を守りきる 3代 北条氏康 ・3代 北条氏康   1515年、 小田原城-- 1571年10月21日  56歳 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ English  Hojo Ujiyasu was a famous and powerful warlord ( daimyo ) . He was the third leader of the Late Hojo clan clan and ruled the Kanto region. His main castle was Odawara Castle , which was famous for its strong defenses. He is very famous for winning the Battle of Kawagoe Castle against a much larger army with a clever night attack. He fought brave battles against famous rivals like Takeda Shingen and Uesugi Kenshin . He was not only a strong warrior, but also a very smart and fair ruler. He lowered taxes for farmers and citizens to make their lives easier. He conducted land surveys called Kenchi to manage taxes and land fairly. He used a special seal called the "Tiger Seal" ( Inban ) on official documents so that common people would not be treated unfairly. Because of his wisdom and kindness to his people, he is remembered as one of the best ...

 Yoshida Shigeru。吉田茂。戦後日本 政治 の立役者。 10月20日没  談笑する吉田茂、1953年 ・1878年9月22日 ～1967年10月20日。満89歳没 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ 英文まとめ Yoshida  Shigeru   was an important prime minister of Japan after World War II. He worked as a diplomat for many years before he became prime minister. He spoke English very well and understood Western culture deeply. He led Japan during a very difficult time right after the war. In 1951, he signed the San Francisco Peace Treaty to bring peace back to Japan. He also signed the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty to protect the country. Thanks to these treaties, Japan regained its independence in 1952. He focused on rebuilding Japan’s economy instead of spending a lot of money on the military. People often called him the "One-Man" Prime Minister because he had strong leadership. He is remembered as one of the most important leaders who rebuilt modern Japan. 和文まとめ 吉田茂は、第二次世界大戦後の日本において大変重要な首相でした。 首相になる前は、長年にわたり外交官として活躍していました。 英語がとても堪能で、欧米の文化や考え方を深く理解していました。 敗戦直後の非常...

Frédéric Chopin。 フレデリック・ショパン。ピアノの詩人         【112分】 『ショパン』メドレー25曲　癒しのクラシック音楽　528hz   Classical Music Library 【30分】   ショパン【生涯と名曲】エチュード（練習曲）、ワルツ、スケルツォ、ポロネーズ  フレデリック・ショパン Frédéric  Chopin ・1810年3月1日－1849年10月17日。39歳没 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ 英文まとめ（Frédéric Chopin） Frédéric Chopin was a famous composer and pianist from Poland. He is often called the "Poet of the Piano" because his music is very beautiful and expressive. He started playing the piano when he was very young and was a child genius. He wrote his first pieces of music when he was only seven years old. In 1830, he left his home country, Poland, and later moved to Paris, France. He loved his homeland deeply, and he wrote many pieces inspired by Polish traditional dances. Chopin preferred playing in small salons for friends rather than in large concert halls. He composed almost all of his music for the piano alone. Famous works by Chopin include "Nocturne Op. 9, No. 2" and the "Minute Waltz." A...

 Thomas Edison   エジソン。発明王。1300超の特許 エジソン ・ 1847年2月11日  オハイオ州 --  1931年10月18日  84歳  ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ Thomas Edison Thomas Edison was a great American inventor known as the "King of Inventions." He was born in Ohio, the United States, in 1847. When he was a child, he was very curious and asked many questions. He did not do well in regular school, so his mother taught him at home. He loved reading books and doing science experiments by himself. He invented many things, such as the phonograph motion pictures and  light bulb. He held more than 1,300 patents during his life. He famously said, "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." His inventions and strong passion completely changed everyday life for people around the world. トーマス・エジソン（和訳） トーマス・エジソンは、「発明王」として知られるアメリカの偉大な発明家でした。 彼は1847年にアメリカのオハイオ州で生まれました。 子どものころ、彼はとても好奇心が強く、たくさんの質問をしました。 通常の学校にはなじめず、母親が家で彼を教えました。 彼は本を読むことや、ひとりで科学の実験をすることが大好きでした。 蓄音機や映画、 電球など多くのものを発明しま...

Nitobe Inazō。 新渡戸稲造（にとべ いなぞう）。『武士道』をあらわし、国際連盟で世界平和につくす。10月15日没 Nitobe Inazo "Busihido" ・1862年9月1日。岩手県・盛岡市 ～1933年10月15日没。カナダ・ビクトリア ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★  Nitobe  Inazo was a famous Japanese educator, author, and diplomat. He was born in Morioka, Iwate Prefecture, in 1862. He studied agriculture and English at Sapporo Agricultural College . When he was young, he said, "I want to become a bridge across the Pacific." He went to the United States and Germany. In 1900, he wrote a famous book in English called Bushido: The Soul of Japan . Through this book, he introduced Japanese spirit and traditional culture to the world. Later, he worked as an Under-Secretary-General of the League of Nations and worked for world peace. His portrait was on the Japanese 5,000-yen banknote from 1984 to 2004. People still respect him today as an international leader who connected Japan with other countries. 新渡戸稲造は、日本の有名な教育者、著述家、そして外交官でした。 彼は1862年に岩手県の盛岡で生まれました。 札幌農学校で農業と英語を学びました。 若いころ、「われ太平洋の橋とな...

Nichiren。日蓮。日蓮宗を開く。Nichiren。 10月13日没 日蓮 ・1222年2月16日。千葉県 鴨川市 ～1282年10月13日没。61歳。東京 池上本門寺。 ★　★　★　★　★　★　★　★ Nichiren was a Buddhist monk. He was born in Chiba Prefecture in 1222. Nichiren thought deeply about how to save people from this suffering. After studying many Buddhist teachings, he concluded that the Lotus Sutra was the most important teaching. He taught people to chant "Namu Myoho Renge Kyo" to find true happiness and peace. Nichiren wrote a book called "Rissho Ankoku Ron" and submitted it to the Kamakura shogunate. He strongly criticized other Buddhist sects and the government, which led to severe persecution and exile to Sado Island. He spent his later years on Mount Minobu and passed away in Tokyo in 1282. 日蓮は、お坊さん（僧）です。 1222年、千葉県に生まれました。 日蓮は、どうすれば人々を苦しみから救えるのかを深く考えました。 さまざまな仏教の教えを学んだ後、彼は「法華経（ほけきょう）」こそが最も大切だと確信しました。 人々が本当の幸せと平和を得るために、「南無妙法蓮華経（なむみょうほうれんげきょう）」を唱えることを教えました。 『立正安国論（りっしょうあんこくろん）』という本を書き、鎌倉幕府に提出しました。 他の宗派や幕府を厳しく批判したため、激しい迫害を受け、佐渡島へ流罪（島流し）にもなりました。...